CFP Board CFP Cheat Sheet

Review a compact CFP Board CFP certification cheat sheet for financial planning principles, ethics, insurance, investment, tax, retirement, estate, psychology, and integrated recommendation traps before Finance Prep practice.

Use this CFP cheat sheet as an integrated-planning checklist before mixed practice. CFP means Certified Financial Planner; the CFP Board exam rewards candidates who synthesize client data, choose the strongest next step, and avoid narrow-domain answers that ignore the full plan.

Open CFP practice for the free 170-question diagnostic, topic pages, timed mocks, and the full Finance Prep practice bank.

Exam snapshot

ItemCFP cue
ProviderCFP Board
ExamCFP certification examination
Format170 multiple-choice questions across two 3-hour sessions
Main practice behaviorintegrated planning, client-data synthesis, recommendation quality, and ethical judgment
Finance Prep statuslive practice available

Planning checklist

AreaWhat to knowCommon trap
Professional conduct and regulationfiduciary duty, disclosure, conflicts, professionalism, client-first judgmenttreating ethics as separate from recommendation quality
General principles of financial planningprocess, discovery, assumptions, engagement scope, plan implementationrecommending before facts and objectives are complete
Risk management and insuranceprotection gaps, policy fit, coverage amount, ownership, beneficiary, risk transferchoosing a product before identifying the exposure
Investment planningobjective, risk tolerance, risk capacity, allocation, account type, behavioral issueschasing return without checking client constraints
Tax planningmarginal rates, deductions, credits, basis, charitable planning, after-tax comparisonsletting tax savings override liquidity or suitability
Retirement savings and incomeaccumulation, distribution, Social Security, pensions, withdrawals, longevity risksolving retirement savings without testing income need
Estate planningwills, trusts, beneficiary designations, powers of attorney, transfer and controlassuming the will controls assets with beneficiary designations
Psychology of financial planningbiases, communication, decision framing, client behaviortreating client behavior as irrelevant once the math is correct

Must-know distinctions

  • Discovery versus implementation: many CFP stems ask what should happen before the recommendation.
  • Dominant issue versus secondary issue: identify which client fact controls the answer.
  • Risk tolerance versus risk capacity: willingness and ability to take risk are different.
  • Tax efficiency versus client fit: the lowest-tax option is not always the best planning answer.
  • Beneficiary designation versus will: transfer mechanics can override estate documents.
  • Insurance need versus insurance product: risk amount, timing, and owner/beneficiary structure come first.
  • Professional judgment versus technical possibility: a technically allowed answer can still be weak planning.

Common traps

  • Optimizing one domain while ignoring cash flow, tax, risk, estate, or behavior effects.
  • Choosing a sophisticated strategy when the best answer is a process step.
  • Missing that a case fact changes the recommendation sequence.
  • Treating ethics, disclosure, and conflicts as compliance sidebars rather than planning constraints.
  • Recommending an investment or insurance move before clarifying objective and suitability.
  • Overtraining on repeated stems instead of practicing new integrated cases under time pressure.

Practice strategy

Use the free diagnostic as a full-day baseline, then classify misses by planning process, dominant constraint, and domain. If you score above roughly 75% on several unseen timed attempts and can explain why the better answer fits the whole client case, shift from volume to targeted review.

Revised on Monday, May 25, 2026